Home ≫ Arithmetic Aptitute ≫ Profit and Loss ≫ Page 2
11. The profit earned by selling an article for Rs 600 is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for Rs 400. What should be the sale price of the article for making 25% profit?
  A.  Rs 610
  B.  Rs 635
  C.  Rs 625
  D.  Rs 620
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If the profit earned by selling an article for Rs a is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for Rs b, then to make c% profit, the sale price of the article should be Rs
(a+b)(100+c) / 200

Here, a = 600 b= 400, c = 25
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
S.P =
(600+400)(100+25) / 200
=
1000 x 125 / 200
= 5 x 125 = Rs 625
Hence, S.P will be Rs 625.

12. A reduction of 20% in the price of tea enables a person to buy 2 kg more for Rs 30. Find the reduced and the original price per kg of tea.
  A.  Sugar's reduced price: Rs 2 per kg; Sugar's original price: Rs 3
4 / 3
per kg
  B.  Sugar's reduced price: Rs 1 per kg; Sugar's original price: Rs2
3 / 4
per kg
  C.  Sugar's reduced price: Rs 4 per kg; Sugar's original price: Rs 2
5 / 3
per kg
  D.  Sugar's reduced price: Rs 3 per kg; Sugar's original price: Rs 3
3 / 4
per kg
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a reduction of a% in the price of an article enables a person to buy b kg more for Rs Z, then the reduced and the original prices per kg of the article are
Za / 100b
per kg and
Za / (100 − a)b
per kg respectively.
Here, a = 20, b = 2, Z = 30
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Reduced Price =
30 x 20 / 100 x 2
=
3 x 2 / 2
= Rs 3 per kg
Original Price =
30 x 20 / (100 − 20)x 2
=
30 x 20 / 80 x 2
=
15 / 4
= Rs 3
3 / 4
per kg.

13. A 10% hike in the price of rice forces a person to purchase 2 kg less for Rs 110. Find the new and the origianl prices of the rice.
  A.  New price: Rs 5
1 / 2
per kg; Original price: Rs 5 per kg
  B.  New price: Rs 4
1 / 2
per kg; Original price: Rs 4 per kg
  C.  New price: Rs 3
1 / 2
per kg; Original price: Rs 6 per kg
  D.  New price: Rs 6
1 / 2
per kg; Original price: Rs 5 per kg
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a increase of a% in the price of an article enables a person to buy b kg less for Rs Z, then the new and the original prices per kg of the article are
Za / 100b
per kg and
Za / (100 + a)b
per kg respectively.
Here, a = 10, b = 2, Z = 110
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
New Price =
110 x 10 / 100 x 2
=
11 / 2
= Rs 5
1 / 2
per kg
Original Price =
110 x 10 / (100 + 10) x 2
=
110 x 10 / 110 x 2
= Rs 5 per kg.

14. A 15% hike in the price of tea forces a person to purchase 3 kg less for Rs 60. Find the new and the original prices of the tea.
  A.  New price: Rs 3.5 per kg; Original price: Rs 2 per kg
  B.  New price: Rs 3 per kg; Original price: Rs 2.60 per kg
  C.  New price: Rs 4 per kg; Original price: Rs 2.25 per kg
  D.  New price: Rs 2.60 per kg; Original price: Rs 3 per kg
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a increase of a% in the price of an article enables a person to buy b kg less for Rs Z, then the new and the original prices per kg of the article are
Za / 100b
per kg and
Za / (100 + a)b
per kg respectively.
Here, a = 15, b = 3, Z = 60
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
New Price =
60 x 15 / 100 x 3
= Rs 3 per kg
Original Price =
60 x 15 / (100 + 15) x 3
=
60 x 15 / 115 x 3
=
60 / 23
= Rs 2.60 per kg.

15. If a man purchases 11 pens for Rs 10 and sells 10 pens for Rs 11. How much profit or loss does he make?
  A.  17%
  B.  23%
  C.  18%
  D.  21%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a person buys 'a' items for Rs 'b' and sells 'c' items for Rs 'd', then the profit or loss made by him is
ad − bc / bc
x 100
[Note: +ve sign will denote profit while -ve sign will denote loss.]
Here, a = 11, b = 10, c = 10, d = 11
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
New Price =
11 x 11 − 10 x 10 / 10 x 10
x 100 =
121 − 100 / 100
x 100 =
21 / 100
x 100 = 21%
Hence, +ve sign shows gain of 21%

16. A man buys 9 pencils for Rs 16 and sells them at 11 for Rs 20. What is his gain or lose percentage?
  A.  +2
3 / 11
% (+ sign means profit)
  B.  +1
3 / 4
% (+ sign means profit)
  C.  +11
2 / 3
% (+ sign means profit)
  D.  +3
2 / 11
% (+ sign means profit)
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a person buys 'a' items for Rs 'b' and sells 'c' items for Rs 'd', then the profit or loss made by him is
ad − bc / bc
x 100
[Note: +ve sign will denote profit while -ve sign will denote loss.]
Here, a = 9, b = 16, c = 11, d = 20
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
New Price =
9 x 20 − 16 x 11 / 16 x 11
x 100 =
180 − 176 / 176
x 100 =
4 / 176
x 100 =
1 / 44
x 100 =
100 / 44
=
25 / 11
= 2
3 / 11
%
Hence, +ve sign shows gain of 2
3 / 11
%

17. A dishones shopkeeper promises to sell his goods at cost price. but he uses a weight of 960gm for 1kg weight. What is gain percent?
  A.  6
1 / 4
%
  B.  5
2 / 3
%
  C.  4
1 / 6
%
  D.  3
4 / 7
%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a dishonest person says to sell his goods at cost price, but uses a weight of a kg (wrong weight) instead of b kg (correct weight). Then his gain% will be
b − a / b
x 100
Here, a = 960 gm, b = 1000 gm
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Gain % =
1000 − 960 / 960
x 100 =
40 / 960
x 100 =
1 / 24
x 100 =
1 x 100 / 24
=
25 / 6
= 4
1 / 6
%
Hence, his gain % is 4
1 / 6
%

18. A vegetable seller sells onions at a profit of 10% and uses a weight which is 20% less. What is his gain percent?
  A.  27%
  B.  37.5%
  C.  33.5%
  D.  41.5%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A dishonest person sells item at a profit of a% and uses a weight which is b% less. His gain % will be
a + b / 100 − b
x 100
Here, a = 10, b = 20
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Gain % =
10 + 20 / 100 − 20
x 100 =
30 / 80
x 100 =
3 / 8
x 100 =
3 x 100 / 8
=
3 x 25 / 2
=
75 / 2
% = 37.5%
Hence, his gain % is 37.5%

19. A dishonest dealer sells goods at 6
1 / 4
% loss on cost price but uses 14 gm instead of 16 gm. What is his profit or loss percentage?
  A.  Profit: 3
2 / 7
%
  B.  Profit: 8
2 / 5
%
  C.  Profit: 2
5 /
%
  D.  Profit:7
1 / 7
%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A dishonest person sells item at a loss of a% of cost price and uses b gm instead of c gm, then his profit or loss %is given by [100 − a]
c / b
− 100
[Note: +ve or -ve sign will denote profit or loss respectively.]
Here, a = 6
1 / 4
, b = 14, c = 16
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Required % =
[
100 − 6
1 / 4
]
16 / 14
− 100 =
[
100 −
25 / 4
]
8 / 7
− 100 =
[
400 − 25 / 4
]
8 / 7
− 100 =
[
375 / 4
]
8 / 7
− 100 =
[
750 / 7
− 100
]
=
[
750 − 700 / 7
]
=
50 / 7
= 7
1 / 7
%
Hence, his gain % is 7
1 / 7
%

20. A dishonest dealer sells the goods at 6
1 / 4
% loss on cost price but uses 12
1 / 2
% less weight. What is his percentaghe profit or loss?
  A.  Profit: 2
5 / 3
%
  B.  Profit: 6
5 / 9
%
  C.  Profit: 7
1 / 7
%
  D.  Profit: 5
2 / 7
%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A dishonest person sells the goods at a% loss on cost price but uses b% less weight, then his profit or loss % is given by
b − a / 100 − b
x 100
[Note: +ve or -ve sign will denote profit or loss respectively.]
Here, a = 6
1 / 4
, b = 12
1 / 2

Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Required % =
25/2 - 25/4 / 100 - 25/2
x 100 =
(50 - 25)/4 / (200 - 25)/2
x 100 =
25/4 / 175/2
x 100 =
25 x 2 / 4 x 175
x 100 =
1 / 2 x 7
x 100 =
50 / 7
= 7
1 / 7
%
Hence, his gain % is 7
1 / 7
%

Copyright © 2020-2022. All rights reserved. Designed, Developed and content provided by Anjula Graphics & Web Desigining .