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21. A seller uses 840 gm in place of one kg to sell his goods. Find his actuual % profit or loss, when he sells his article on 4% gain on cost price.
  A.  Profit: +23
17 / 21
%
  B.  Profit: +21
11 / 13
%
  C.  Profit: +21
14 / 11
%
  D.  Profit: +23
21 / 17
%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A dishonest man uses 'a' gm in place of 'b' gm to sell his goods and gains a profit of c% on cost price, then his actual gain or loss perentage is given by
[
100 + c
]
b / a
− 100
[Note: +ve or -ve sign will denote profit or loss respectively.]
Here, a = 840, b = 1000, c = 4
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Required % =
[
100 + 4
]
1000 / 840
− 100
= 104 x
100 / 84
− 100
=
104 x 100 / 84
− 100
=
52 x 100 / 42
− 100
=
26 x 100 / 21
− 100
=
2600 / 21
− 100
=
2600 − 2100 / 21
=
500 / 21
= 23
17 / 21
%
Hence, his profit % is 23
17 / 21
%

22. If a dealer wants to earn 20% profit on an article after offering 30% discount to the customer by what percentage should he increase his marked price to arrive at the label price?
  A.  73
3 / 5
%
  B.  71
3 / 7
%
  C.  65
7 / 3
%
  D.  67
2 / 7
%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A dishonest dealer wants to earn a% profit on an article after offering b% discount to the customer. To arrive at label price, the marked price should be increased by
a + b / 100 − b
x 100
Here, a = 20, b = 30
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Required % =
20 + 30 / 100 − 30
x 100 =
50 / 70
x 100 =
5 / 7
x 100 =
5 x 100 / 7
=
500 / 7
= 71
3 / 7
%

23. A sells a good to B at a profit of 20% and B sells it to C at a profit of 25%. if C pays Rs 225 for it, what was the cost price for A?
  A.  Rs 140
  B.  Rs 170
  C.  Rs 150
  D.  Rs 130
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A sells a goods to B at a profit of m% and B sells it to C at a profit of n%. If C pays Rs Z for it, then the cost price for A is Rs
1002 x Z / (100 +m)(100+n)

Here, m = 20, n = 25, Z = 225
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
C.P =
1002 x 225 / (100 + 20)(100 + 25)
=
100 x 100 x 225 / 120 x 125
=
10 x 4 x 225 / 12 x 5
=
2 x 225 / 3
= 2 x 75 = 150
Hence, cost price will be Rs 150

24. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 30% and B sells it to C at a loss of 20%. if C pays Rs 520 for it, at what price did A buy?
  A.  Rs 525
  B.  Rs 490
  C.  Rs 500
  D.  Rs 540
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A sells a goods to B at a profit of m% and B sells it to C at a loss of n%. If C pays Rs Z for it, then the cost price for A is Rs
1002 x Z / (100 + m)(100 − n)

Here, m = 30, n = 20, Z = 520
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
C.P =
1002 x 520 / (100 + 30)(100 − 20)
=
100 x 100 x 520 / 130 x 80
=
100 x 520 / 13 x 8
= 100 x 5 = 500
Hence, cost price will be Rs 500

25. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 20% and B sells it to C at a profit of 25%. Find the resultant profit percent.
  A.  50%
  B.  58%
  C.  40%
  D.  60%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A sells a goods to B at a profit of m% and B sells it to C at a profit of n%, then the resultant profit or loss per cent is given by m + n +
mn / 100

Here, m = 20, n = 25
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Resultant profit or loss = 20 + 25 +
20 x 25 / 100
= 45 + 5 = 50%
Hence, resultant profit will be 50%

26. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 30% and B sells it to C at a loss of 20%. Find the resultant profit or loss.
  A.  + 2.5% (+ sign means profit)
  B.  + 6% (+ sign means profit)
  C.  + 2% (+ sign means profit)
  D.  + 4% (+ sign means profit)
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A sells a goods to B at a profit of m% and B sells it to C at a loss of n%, then the resultant profit or loss per cent is given by m − n −
mn / 100

[Note: +ve & -ve sign will show profit or loss respectively.]
Here, m = 30, n = 20
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Resultant profit or loss = 30 − 20 −
30 x 20 / 100
= 10 − 6 = 4%
Hence, resultant profit will be 4%

27. Ravi sold a book at a profit of 12%. Had he sold it for Rs 18 more, 18% would have been gained. Find the cost price.
  A.  Rs 300
  B.  Rs 270
  C.  Rs 360
  D.  Rs 290
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a person sells a goods at a profit of a%. Had he sold it for Rs Z more, b% would have been gained. Then the cost price is given by Rs
Z / b − a
x 100
Here, a = 12, b = 18, Z = 18
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Cost Price =
18 / 18 − 12
x 100 =
18 / 6
x 100 = 3 x 100 = 300
Hence, cost price will be Rs 300.

28. A man sold a horse at a loss of 7%. Had he been able to sell it at a gain of 9%, It would have fetched Rs 64 more than it did. What was the cost price?
  A.  Rs 400
  B.  Rs 395
  C.  Rs 415
  D.  Rs 430
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
If a person sells a goods at a loss of a%. Had he sold it for Rs Z more, b% would have been gained. Then the cost price is given by Rs
Z / a + b
x 100
Here, a = 7, b = 9, Z = 64
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Cost Price =
64 / 7 + 9
x 100 =
64 / 16
x 100 = 4 x 100 = 400
Hence, cost price will be Rs 400.

29. A sells a good to B at a loss of 20% and B sells it to C at a loss of 25%. Find the resultant loss percent.
  A.  50%
  B.  40%
  C.  35%
  D.  25%
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A sells a goods to B at a loss of m% and B sells it to C at a loss of n%, then the resultant profit or loss per cent is given by m + n −
mn / 100

Here, m = 20, n = 25
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Resultant profit or loss = 20 + 25 −
20 x 25 / 100
= 45 − 5 = 40%
Hence, resultant loss will be 40%

30. A person sells an article at a profit of 10%. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for Rs 3 more, he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price.
  A.  Rs 90
  B.  Rs 125
  C.  Rs 100
  D.  Rs 120
     
   
View Answer

Shortcut:
A person sells an article at a profit of a%. If he had bought it at b% less and sold it for Rs 'Z' more, he would have gained c%, then the cost price is given by Rs
1002 x Z / 100(c − b − a) − (c x b)

Here, a = 10, b = 10, c = 25, Z = 3
Using these value in shortcut, we get:
Cost Price = Rs
1002 x 3 / 100(25 − 10 − 10) − 250

= Rs
100 x 100 x 3 / 100 (5) − 250

= Rs
100 x 100 x 3 / 500 − 250

= Rs
100 x 100 x 3 / 250
= Rs
100 x 10 x 3 / 25
= 4 x 10 x 3 = Rs 120
Hence, cost price will be Rs 120

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